Maret-Ouda J, et al. - Researchers investigated the relation of antireflux surgery with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk. Further, they assessed how surgically and medically treated patients were different regarding this risk. They performed this multinational, population-based cohort study including 48,414 individuals who underwent antireflux surgery and 894,492 individuals with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) treated with medication only in any of the 5 Nordic countries. Outcomes revealed a similar reduced esophageal adenocarcinoma risk among medical and surgical treatment groups, with the risk decreasing to the same level as that in the background population over time. This supports the hypothesis that effective treatment of GERD might prevent esophageal adenocarcinoma.