Modi ZJ, et al. - In this population-based cohort study in which researchers utilized the US Renal Data System, they investigated if young adult–onset end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is related to higher cardiovascular (CV) hospitalizations and death with different features vs childhood-onset disease. Overall 33,156 patients aged 1-29 years were included. The 1-year CV hospitalization rate and 5-year mortality probability were higher among young adults with incident ESRD vs children and adolescents with incident ESRD. In young adults with incident ESRD, ~40% of deaths were attributable to CV disease. Findings revealed that, in relation to lack of preemptive transplant vs hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, higher risks for CV hospitalization and mortality were evident. A lower risk for CV mortality was observed in relation to nephrology care before ESRD.