Rennie TJW, et al. - A self-controlled case study was conducted to assess the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) as an unintended consequence of frequently prescribed antibiotics in a large community cohort adjusting for underlying patient characteristics, including potential unmeasured confounders. All individuals aged 18 years and over in the Tayside region of Scotland who had a serum creatinine measured between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2012, were involved. According to the results, between 2008 and 2012, the combined use of sulphonamides, trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin rose by 47% and incidence of community-acquired AKI rose by 16%. A significantly increased risk of AKI with the use of sulphonamides and trimethoprim, but not fluoroquinolone and nitrofurantoin was revealed in this study.