Topkan E, et al. - In stage 3B/C squamous-cell lung carcinoma (SqCLC) patients who were treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT), fatal pulmonary hemorrhage- (FPH-) related risk factors were described. They retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 505 stage 3B/C SqCLC patients who had 66 Gy radiotherapy plus 1-3 cycles of concurrent chemotherapy with available pretreatment thoracic computerized tomography scans. In stage 3B/C SqCLC patients, an infrequent (2.6%) complication of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT) was FPH, but in patients presenting with tumor cavitation and relative cavitation volume > 0.14 its incidence increased to 37.5%. The importance of close and careful follow-up of high-risk patients following C-CRT for multidisciplinary discussion of possible invasive preventive measures was stressed by the diagnosis of >90% FPHs ≤12 months of C-CRT.