Epure AM, Rios-Leyvraz M, Anker D, et al. - In this systematic review with meta-analyses, researchers sought to evaluate the association between exposures or interventions in the first 1,000 days of life and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in infants, children, and adolescents, as well as the methods of assessing CIMT. Observational and interventional studies assessing factors at the individual, familial, or environmental levels, for instance, size at birth, gestational age, breastfeeding, mode of conception, gestational diabetes, or smoking, were involved. They conducted a systematic review of published studies with meta-analyses and involved 36 studies, including 7,977 candidates between 0 and 18 years at CIMT assessment. The authors observed several risk factors in the first 1,000 days of life that may be linked to increased CIMT during childhood. The most consistent relationship with increased CIMT was the small size for gestational age. The associations with conception through assisted reproductive technologies or smoking during pregnancy were not statistically important, with the estimates being highly imprecise. Other high-quality studies are required to support intervention for primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease due to the high uncertainty of effect sizes and the low quality of CIMT measurements.