Xu B, et al. - Researchers determined the risk factors for conversion to open surgery and the consequences of conversion to open surgery in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) via performing a retrospective study using a database of 644 patients with LCBDE between 2011 and 2017. In LCBDE, conversion to open surgery was observed in association with acute edematous common bile duct (CBD) with large and multiple stones. Conversion can offset the advantages of LCBDE. Patients with conversion vs those without conversion displayed more blood loss, longer operative time, longer postoperative hospital stay, and higher incision infection. However, there appeared no significant differences regarding mortality, readmission within 30 days, reoperation, bile leakage, and intra-abdominal fluid collection.