Hamilton EJ, et al. - This study was implemented to assess the relative risk of incident hip fracture in patients with type 1 diabetes and matched controls and to elucidate baseline associates of incident hip fracture in the patients with type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, researchers compared hip fracture rates in age- and sex- matched patients with type 1 versus type 2 diabetes. Findings demonstrated that patients with type 1 diabetes had a markedly elevated hip fracture risk as compared with age and sex-matched individuals without diabetes and with type 2 diabetes from the same population.

Methods

• This longitudinal observational study was performed on 121 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean±SD age 43.0±15.5 years, 59.5% male) and 484 age- and sex-matched adults without diabetes.
• Age and sex matching was possible for 93 pairs of type 1 and type 2 participants and, incident hip fracture hospitalisation was the main outcome measure.

Results

• It was observed that the incidence rate ratio for first hip fracture hospitalisation in FDS1 type 1 participants versus residents without diabetes was 6.39 (95% CI 1.94-22.35, P<0.001), during a mean±SD 14.5±5.8 years of follow-up.
• Findings also demonstrated that in Cox proportional hazards modelling, type 1 diabetes was associated with cause-specific hazard ratio (csHR) for hip fracture of 7.11 (2.45-20.64, P<0.001) after age and sex adjustment.
• Researchers noted that in type 1 participants, hip fracture was related to older age, osteoporosis treatment, depressive symptoms, ethnicity, systolic blood pressure, serum HDL-cholesterol, albuminuria and serum adiponectin (P≤0.047); associations remained for the first three of these variables after adjustment for age and body mass index (P≤0.025).
• Compared with type 2 diabetes, the csHR for incident hip fracture was 5.32 (1.12-25.37, P=0.036) for type 1 diabetes.