Li LJ, et al. - The association between second-trimester retinal microvasculature and 5-year metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence was investigated in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Among women with GDM, second-trimester retinal venular widening was correlated with incident 5-year maternal MetS. This study proposed that mother with GDM at risk of future MetS development could have already presented retinal microvascular abnormalities during pregnancy.