Fidler MM, et al. - Researchers used the British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (BCCSS) and Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study (TYACSS), to determine the risk of long-term respiratory mortality among 5-year cancer survivors diagnosed before age 40 years. In the BCCSS and TYACSS cohorts, 164 and 1079 respiratory deaths, respectively, were observed. By type of respiratory death, a substantial variation was noted in the risks. Greatest excess numbers of deaths were experienced after central nervous system (CNS) tumours in the BCCSS and after lung cancer, leukaemia, head and neck cancer and CNS tumours in the TYACSS. With increasing attained age, an increase was noted in the excess number of respiratory deaths. Among those diagnosed more recently in both cohorts, a decline was seen in the excess number of respiratory deaths.