Araújo LS, Torquato BGS, da Silva CA, et al. - Researchers examined the expression of cytokines as well as chemokines in renal biopsies from patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy (DN), and also sought to correlate it with interstitial inflammation and reduced renal function. This study involved 44 native renal biopsies from patients with DN and 23 control cases. They performed immunohistochemistry to assess in situ expression of eotaxin, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, IL-8 (interleukin-8), IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor necrosis factor receptor-1, IL-1β, and IL-6. Experts found that in DN, in situ generation of cytokines and chemokines was increased, including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, and eotaxin. A likely crucial role of eotaxin was suggested not only in the progression of interstitial inflammation in DN but also in estimated glomerular filtration rate decline of these patients.