Rasoul MA, et al. - In this investigation, researchers studied an association of FokI, (rs10735810), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236) and BsmI (rs1544410), which are four VDR gene polymorphisms, with susceptibility of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Kuwaiti Arabs by comparing the genotype frequencies between patients and the controls. By radio-immunoassays, serum concentrations of the three autoantibodies ICA (islet cell autoantibody), GADA (glutamic acid decarboxylase) and INS (insulin autoantibody) were assessed. Along with other factors, this study showed a significant impact in Kuwaiti Arabs of two VDR gene polymorphisms (FokI and TaqI) and three autoantibodies on genetic susceptibility of T1DM. There was no positive association with T1DM between the VDR gene polymorphisms ApaI and BsmI, but in late-onset T1DM patients, the frequency of all four VDR gene polymorphisms was higher vs in early-onset cases. In Kuwaiti Arabs, the three autoantibodies, ICA, GADA, and INS were positively associated, if to varying degrees, with T1DM harboring various genotypes of the VDR gene polymorphism.