Yap NY, Toh YL, Tan CJ, et al. - In this multicenter longitudinal study, researchers sought to assess the correlations of cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) among early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) patients with different cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) trajectories. The sample consisted of 136 ESBC patients. Using the FACT-Cog (V3) questionnaire, CRCI was evaluated. The connections between cytokines and BDNF were analyzed utilizing linear mixed models, with interaction terms for CRCI status. In patients with persistent CRCI, the inverse associations with BDNF were more pronounced for IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, and GM-CSF. The coefficient values for IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-α also show that patients with acute and persistent CRCI had a greater magnitude of decrease in BDNF level for every unit of cytokine increase than patients without CRCI. The disparities in cytokine and BDNF associations may indicate susceptibility to cytokine elevation.