Vaduganathan M, et al. - Researchers assessed the prognostic ability of a comprehensive panel of renal biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at high cardiovascular (CV) risk to gain insight into the interplay between the renal axis and CV disease in T2DM. They examined 5,380 patients with T2DM and recent acute coronary syndromes in the EXAMINE trial to assess the prognostic value of both serum (Cystatin C) and urine renal biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1 protein, and indices of urinary protein excretion). They found that, long-term adverse CV events in high-risk patients with T2DM were independently predicted by serum and urine renal biomarkers when tested alone. An independent association with subsequent CV risk was shown only by serum Cystatin C in an integrative panel of renal biomarkers.