Nzenza TC, et al. - This research was initiated in order to inspect the rate of long-term morbidity of recurrent common bile duct stones (CBDS) post endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES). Findings exhibited that the combination of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus ES presented with an inherent long-term complication of recurrent primary CBDS formation. Though this could be managed with repeat ERCP, the advent of laparoscopic bile duct exploration ought to result in a re-examination of the role of ERCP + ES in younger patients.