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Radiological appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma predicts the response to trans-arterial chemoembolization in patients undergoing liver transplantation

BMC Cancer Nov 18, 2019

Zhang W, et al. - Researchers analyzed 66 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had been treated prior to liver transplantation (LT) by means of trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in order to correlate HCC radiological appearance with level of tumor necrosis during explant analysis from these patients. Eighty-nine TACE procedures (1.35 ± 0.67; 1–4) were undertaken in these patinets; of these, 18 were repeated TACE (27.3%) procedures. Near-complete tumor necrosis (≥ 90%) was achieved in 56.1% of the patients. They observed concordance between mRECIST criteria and pathology in 63% of the patients, with an underestimation of tumor response in 18 (27%) patients and an overestimation in 6 (9.1%). Susceptibility to TACE was higher in well-circumscribed HCC lesions with arterial hyper-enhancement than lesions with arterial phase iso or hypo-enhancement and lesions with infiltrative appearance. For bridging patients with HCC to liver transplantation, the selection of an optimal treatment strategy could be appraised using pre-TACE CT imaging.
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