Tang M, et al. - The associations between pulmonary hypertension, mortality, and cardiovascular disease were determined among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). An association of pulmonary hypertension with a substantially increased risk for death and cardiovascular events was apparent in this patient population. Compared with patients with CKD stages 1 to 5, a higher risk was observed among patients with ESRD receiving dialysis.