Hummel P – Here, the author examined the Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N–PASS) tool for evidence of validity and reliability in infants and children aged 1 to 36 months in the postoperative recovery period. In infants and children age 1 to 36 months, the implications for this research demonstrated sufficient evidence for the use of the N–PASS tool for sedation and pain/agitation assessment.