Kashiwagi E, et al. - Through the assessment of the sexual function of localized prostate cancer patients using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men score, an original questionnaire, and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the experts ascertained whether body composition calculated by computed tomography measurements could be beneficial for the determination of the sexual function. For assessing the body composition, particularly the psoas muscle, the imaging was conducted. For the identification of factors affecting sexual activity, univariate and multivariate analyses were done. The multivariate analysis exhibited a marked association of the volume of the psoas muscle with sexual activity and erectile dysfunction. Hence, the psoas muscle was recognized as a significant predictor of sexual activity and erectile function.