Henning S, Lambers WM, van der Meer BD, et al. - A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate if B-cell subsets are changed in iSLE patients, and whether these changes associate with IFN scores and B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) levels. This study included SLE patients (n = 34), SLE patients (n = 41) with quiescent disease (SLEDAI ≤4) and healthy controls (n = 22). Researchers assessed proportions of B-cell subsets with flow cytometry, IFN scores with RT-PCR and BAFF levels with ELISA. This cross-sectional study found distortions in B-cell subsets in iSLE patients and were associated with IFN scores and IgG levels. The findings demonstrate that since these factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE, iSLE patients with these distortions, high IFN scores, and high levels of IgG and BAFF may be at risk for progression to SLE.