De Ruysscher D, et al. - Whether prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) attenuates the incidence of symptomatic brain metastases in patients with stage III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with curative intention, was determined. Researchers investigated the development of symptomatic brain metastases at 24 months (primary end point) in patients with stage III NSCLC randomly assigned to either observation or PCI after concurrent/sequential chemoradiotherapy with or without surgery. They found that with PCI, the proportion of patients who developed symptomatic brain metastases significantly decreased, however, an increase of low-grade toxicity was noted.