Sexton DJ, et al. - Researchers examined the entire experience of the national kidney transplant program in Ireland to assess if improvement in short term graft survival in kidney transplantation in recent years has translated into a commensurate improvement in long-term graft survival. They determined patient and graft survival for all adult first deceased donor kidney transplant recipients in Ireland, 1971-2015, via performing a retrospective analysis of the National Kidney Transplant Service database. They included 3260 recipients in this study. Over the course of the program, improvement in uncensored graft survival in Ireland was noted at various time points despite risk factors for graft failure progressively increasing over successive eras. Long term graft survival following kidney transplantation has progressively improved in Ireland. Attributable role of biological or non-biological factors in these trends is unclear but these trends likely involve a combination of both.