Kawakami F, et al. – This study selected the patients with renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, to investigate the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor–infiltrating lymphocyte status. In comparison to grade 4 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) portrayed higher PD–L1 expression and higher programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)– and CD8–positive cell density. A notable immunosuppressive environment was observed in sRCC. As compared to appropriate ccRCC control, immunosuppressive characteristics of sRCC were high. These results highlighted PD–1/PD–L1 blockade therapy as a potential therapeutic approach for sRCC.