Sato T, et al. - In both patients with advanced lung cancer and their caregivers, researchers assessed the understanding of disease prognosis at diagnosis. They also gauged the correlates of their understanding. In patients, findings suggested an association of inaccurate perceptions of prognosis with sex, better emotional well-being, and lower lung cancer-specific symptom burden as seen on multivariate analyses. They noted an association of better performance status and better emotional well-being of patients with the caregivers’ inaccurate perceptions of patients’ prognoses. Prognosis was misunderstood by substantial proportions of advanced lung cancer patients and their caregivers. Findings suggested the development of interventions to improve accurate prognostic understanding, with careful attention paid to its associated factors.