Jimbo M, Andrews JR, Ahmed ME, et al. - For metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients receiving primary docetaxel chemotherapy, full course treatment response and progression free survival (PFS) can be predicted by mid-course and posttherapy 11C-choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) evaluation, respectively. Treatment selection for mCRPC cases may be aided by 11C-choline PET/CT imaging.

• This single institution retrospective study included 77 mCRPC patients who received 6 cycles of docetaxel chemotherapy and underwent 11C-choline PET/CT scans at baseline (before chemotherapy), mid-course (after 3 cycles), and posttherapy (after 6 cycles).

• Complete response was significantly predicted by percent change in blood pool-corrected SUVmax (maximum standardized uptake value) on mid-course scan (odds ratio [OR]: 0.98).

• A 3.6 times more probability of achieving complete response after full 6 cycles of docetaxel chemotherapy was observed in patients who achieved ≥20% reduction in blood pool-corrected SUVmax on mid-course vs those with <20% reduction in blood pool-corrected SUVmax (OR: 3.56).

• In the complete response and incomplete response groups, median PFS was 35.1 months vs 9.4 months, respectively.