Luen SJ, et al. - Using four patient cohorts, researchers assessed if residual disease (RD) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to residual cancer burden (RCB) could predict survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). They included cohorts who did not achieve pathologic complete response and used Cox models with stromal TILs as a continuous variable (per 10% increment). For TILs and RCB, they assessed 375 RD TNBC samples overall. Anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy was the treatment in 62% of the patients; median age was 50 years. Post-NAC, the RCB class was 11% for I, 50% for II, and 39% for III, respectively. They reported median RD TIL level of 20% (IQR 10–40). Findings revealed a significant association of TIL levels in TNBC RD with better recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Also, TIL levels in TNBC RD offered additional prognostic information to RCB class, especially RCB class II.