Flynn PM, et al. - Researchers performed a randomized trial to directly compare the efficacy of prolonged infant antiretroviral prophylaxis vs maternal antiretroviral therapy (mART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission throughout the breastfeeding period. Outcomes demonstrated the safety of both mART and infant nevirapine (iNVP) prophylaxis strategies. The strategies were observed to be associated with very low breastfeeding HIV-1 transmission and high infant HIV-1–free survival at 24 months.