Gaio V, et al. - Researchers intended to evaluate the frequency of overweight and obesity in the Portuguese population through direct measurements obtained by the 1st National Health Examination Survey (INSEF 2015) and to distinguish its correlated sociodemographic factors. 1st National Health Examination Survey demonstrates that a high prevalences of overweight and obesity are observed in older individuals, married, with lower education levels and non-smoking women. Public health interventions are urgently needed for obesity prevention, namely throughout health literacy strategies.