Yao Z, et al. - This study focused on the prevalence of abdominal artery calcification (AAC) in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and determined reasons for heterogeneity. Findings demonstrated that the pooled and nearest estimate of AAC prevalence among dialysis patients was as high as 65%. The factors responsible for potentially high variance of the reported prevalence were: geographical region, AAC detection instruments, age of participants, and male proportion. A high need of effective prophylactic treatment against vascular calcification was realized in these patients in the light of high AAC prevalence.