Rolland-Debord C, et al. - This study was implemented to assess the prognosis impact and the factors associated with patient-ventilator asynchrony, and to compare the prevalence of asynchrony according to two methods of detection: a visual inspection of signals and a computerized method integrating electromyographic activity of the diaphragm. Findings demonstrated that severe patient-ventilator asynchrony was not associated with adverse clinical outcome during the early phase of weaning in patients receiving a partial ventilatory mode. Data also showed that the prevalence of patient-ventilator asynchrony varied according to the definitions and methods used for detection.