Chaim W, et al. - Researchers sought to assess the association of clinical variables (gestational age, severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, history of previous cesarean sections, fetal distress, perinatal mortality, postpartum anemia, Apgar score#3 at 1 minute and#7 at 5 minutes, and instrumental delivery) with postpartum endometritis (PPE) and wound infection. They performed a descriptive cross-sectional examination of the outcome of 75,947 term and preterm singleton deliveries; vaginally and by cesarean section from 1989–1997. Following vaginal deliveries, PPE prevalence of 0.17% was noted (120/68,273). PPE was noted to be significantly associated with the gestational age of less than 37 weeks, severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal distress, instrumental deliveries, neonatal mortality, postpartum anemia, and Apgar scores of < 7 after 5 minutes. With and without PPE, gestational diabetes and an Apgar score of < 3 after 1 minute showed similar frequency. After a cesarean section, PPE prevalence of 2.63% (202/7,677) was noted. They noted preterm cesarean sections, history of previous cesarean sections, anemia, and low Apgar scores more commonly with PPE than without. In the presence and absence of PPE, a similar incidence of cesarean delivery with gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal distress, and perinatal mortality was observed. The rate of wound infection was 3.97% (318/7,995) following the cesarean section. They noted significantly more frequent gestational diabetes mellitus, history of previous cesarean deliveries, and low Apgar scores with than without wound infection. Wound infection was noted to be associated with gestational age, severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal distress, perinatal mortality, and postpartum anemia.