Değirmencioğlu H, Bekmez BO, Derme T, et al. - Researchers designed a prospective, case-control study with infants ≤ 32 weeks of age who have a diagnosis of culture-proven late-onset sepsis in order to assess how positive and negative acute phase reactants, like presepsin and fetuin-A, are relevant in the diagnosis of culture-proven late-onset sepsis. The control group was 29 preterm infants with similar gestational and postnatal ages without sepsis. The culture-positive infants vs the control group had significantly higher first-day presepsin values. For culture-proven late-onset sepsis, presepsin had an 88.9% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity with a cut-off value of 823 ng/ml, and area under the receiver-operating curve was 0.939. The study and control groups had comparable fetuin-A levels. These findings support the possible utility of presepsin as an accurate marker for both diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response for culture-proven late-onset sepsis in preterm infants.