Martín J, et al. - Researchers investigated mortality during hospitalization and 3 months post-discharge in elderly people with and without dementia. In addition, they assessed variables that might predict mortality. This prospective matched cohort study included 195 inpatients with dementia and 204 inpatients without dementia. Patients completed questionnaires on premorbid basic (Barthel, BI) and instrumental activities of daily living (Lawton and Brody), quality of life (EuroQoL5-D; Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease), and burden of the caregiver (Zarit). Predictors of mortality for patients with dementia included having complications during admission, age > 84 years, myocardial infarction, >1 45 sodium, and lower BI. Predictors of mortality for patients without dementia included having lower BI, adverse events during hospitalization, older patient age, sodium > 145, no surgery during admission, and > 2 classes of medication at admission. Adequate nutritional support should be initiated to optimize the clinical outcome of these patients.