Lamacchia C, Courvoisier DS, Jarlborg M, et al. - This study was sought to examine the predictive value of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) and anti-peptidyl-arginine deiminase type-3 (anti-PAD3) antibodies, alone or in combination with rheumatoid factors (RFs) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), to distinguish patients at high risk of developing severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) outcomes. Researchers investigated individuals within the « Swiss Clinical Quality Management » registry with a biobank sample for RFs, ACPA, anti-CarP, and anti-PAD3 antibodies. They analyzed the relationship of each autoantibody with DAS28, HAQ, and radiographic damage (Ratingen) at baseline and longitudinally. Researchers enrolled 851 established RA patients and 516 disease controls [axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA = 320) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA = 196)]. It was shown that in RA patients, anti-PAD3 antibodies are correlated with higher disease activity and joint damage scores.