Md Yusof MY, et al. - In this prospective observational study performed in At-Risk of autoimmune connective tissue disease (AI-CTD) (defined as antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive; ≤1 clinical systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) criterion; symptom duration <12 months and treatment-naïve), researchers assessed clinical, interferon and imaging predictors of progression from ‘At Risk’ to AI-CTDs. They analyzed bloods and skin biopsy (non-lesional) for two interferon-stimulated gene expression scores previously described (IFN-Score-A and IFN-Score-B). Negative and positive controls included healthy controls (HCs) and SLE. They found that progression from ANA positivity to AI-CTD was predicted by a two-factor interferon score and family history. By permitting stratification of individuals At-Risk of AI-CTD, early intervention for disease prevention may be implemented and irreversible organ damage may be avoided by the use of these interferon scores.