Macfarlane GJ, et al. - The present study was conducted to distinguish modifiable targets to enhance outcome as well as non-modifiable targets that identify groups less likely to derive benefit. A total of 335 individuals started their first anti-TNFα therapy and were followed up at a median of 14 (inter-quartile range 12–17) weeks. Researchers measured outcome according to ASAS20, ASAS40, ASDAS reduction and achieving a moderate/inactive ASDAS disease state. In the clinic, some factors prognosticating non-response (such as mental health) are modifiable but many (such as social/economic factors) are not modifiable. They do, nevertheless, distinguish individuals who are unlikely to benefit from biologic therapy alone. Preference should concentrate on how these individuals receive the benefits that may derive from such therapies.