Starlinger P, et al. - In this investigation, researchers have systematically clarified potential differences in the profile of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) between patients with and without postoperative liver dysfunction (LD) and poor postoperative result. Five hundred fifty-four miRNAs were detected in preoperative plasma of 21 patients suffering from postoperative liver dysfunction (LD) after liver resection and 27 matched controls using next-generation sequencing as an unbiased systematic approach. The data show a miRNA-based biomarker's clinical usefulness in supporting the selection of patients undergoing partial hepatectomy. The dynamic changes during the recovery of liver function indicate a potential role in the individualized treatment of patients. The data could, therefore, help tailor surgical strategies to patients' specific risk profile.