Saldarriaga C, et al. - An analysis was performed to define the incidence and risk factors of postoperative sodium alterations in pediatric patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for adrenocorticotropic hormone and growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. Following TSS, the incidence of diabetes insipidus (DI) and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was 26% and 14%, respectively, among children who underwent TSS for pituitary adenomas. Female sex, manipulation of and/or tumor invasion into the posterior pituitary (PP), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak or lumbar drain were the combined risk factors for DI and/or SIADH.