Barr PB, Kuo SIC, Aliev F, et al. - Linear mixed-effects models were used by the researchers in order to review whether genome-wide polygenic scores (GPS) for alcohol consumption was correlated with alcohol misuse, whether these GPSs were moderated by romantic relationships (gene-environment interaction; G × E) and if G × E results were constant across genders. Finnish twins born between 1983 and 1987 who were recognized through Finland's central population registry were recruited. Drinking frequency, intoxication frequency, and alcohol dependence (AD) symptoms were prognosticated by GPS. Having a romantic relationship negatively affected the correlation between GPS and drinking frequency, intoxication frequency and AD symptoms. For intoxication frequency, there was a three-way interaction between gender, relationship status, and GPS in such a way that the decreased correlation between GPS and intoxication frequency for those in a relationship was only likely in males. No evidence of three-way interactions for drinking frequency or AD symptoms was noted. Therefore, being in a romantic relationship decreased the connection between genetic predisposition and drinking, high-risk drinking and alcohol problems. Nevertheless, for high-risk drinking the protective influence was restricted to males, mapping onto earlier findings recommending that males profit more from romantic partnerships.