Arrieta H, et al. - The association between physical fitness and physical activity, and cognitive performance, quality of life (QoL), and risk of depression in older adults living in long-term (LT) nursing homes was determined. Whether or not these potential associations could differ for residents who required an assistive device for walking (for example crutches or canes), was also investigated. In patients with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment, a positive association between muscle strength and physical activity was shown, with better performance on the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test, Quality of Life-Alzheimer’s Disease Scale and Goldberg Depression Scale. According to the use of an assistive device for walking, associations differed. To promote physical, cognitive, and emotional benefits in these populations, implementation of interventions directed to increase the strength and physical activity was supported.