Lee J, et al. - Researchers analyzed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients who persistently visit the emergency department (ED) to find opportunities for better outpatient care. The study sample consisted of SLE patients who visited the ED for ≥ 3 visits in a calendar year, from 2013 to 2016. In this retrospective study, 77 candidates who had 1,143 encounters as persistent users and 52 candidates who had 335 encounters as limited users were identified. Data reported that persistent users accounted for 77% of the use of ED by SLE patients who visited the ED. A major cause of ED use was a pain. As evidenced by frequent discharges from ED and short-stay admissions, patients with SLE who persistently use the ED for pain were likely to be noncritically ill. SLE patients who persistently visit the ED for pain were a viable target for interventions to improve the quality of outpatient care.