Lin MH, et al. - In this investigation involving 35 studies with 2,458,010 patients, researchers qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the relationship of perioperative/postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) with early and late risks of mortality and stroke. To identify cohort studies that reported stroke and mortality associated with POAF, Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (1966 through March 2018) were searched. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that new-onset POAF is linked to higher short-term and long-term risk of stroke and mortality. It is necessary to determine the best strategy to reduce the risk of strokes among these patients.