Cerit MN, Öner AY, Yıldız A, et al. - This study was undertaken to investigate volumetric contrast-enhanced three-dimensional T1-weighted (CE 3D T1) turbo spin-echo (TSE) with variable flip angle (SPACE), CE 3D T1 volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences with conventional CE-two-dimensional (2D)-T1 and 2D-T2-weighted imaging (WI) sequences in assessing perianal fistulas. This prospective study recruited a total of 23 patients with perianal fistula who had undergone pelvic MRI at 3 T including fat-supressed CE 3D T1 SPACE, CE 3D T1 VIBE, axial and coronal 2D-T1WI together with 2D-T2WI sequences in the axial and coronal planes. They noted acquisition times. They assessed performance of each sequence in terms of image quality, presence of artefacts, lesion conspicuity, fistula type, presence of abscess, visibility of internal orifice, and number of internal orifices. They compared outcomes with post-surgical findings characterized as the reference standard. The outcomes of this research demonstrate that CE 3D T1 SPACE and CE 3D T1 VIBE sequences may outperform conventional 2D sequences in the assessment of perianal fistulas in terms of visibility and number of internal orifices with a shorter scanning time.