Barrington DA, et al. - Whether pembrolizumab was cost-effective, compared to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) or bevacizumab, for the treatment of women with recurrent endometrial cancer who have failed carboplatin and paclitaxel was determined by developing a model including 4400 patients, of whom, 800 were assumed to have microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors. In addition to 2-year overall survival (OS), drug costs and cost of Grade III-IV toxicities were estimated. The cost per 2-year survivor was investigated by estimating incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). PLD and bevacizumab therapy costs were $33.2 million (M) and $167.9 M, respectively. For non-MSI-H patients vs MSI-H patients, $318.3 M vs $57.9 M, respectively, were spent on pembrolizumab therapy. Pembrolizumab was found to be cost-effective than other single agent drugs for patients with MSI-H. One cycle of pembrolizumab should cost $7253 or less to be cost-effective in non-MSI-H patients.