Choschzick M, et al. - By analyzing its expression by immunohistochemistry in 55 well-characterized squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva, researchers sought to determine the role of PD-L1 (programmed cell death 1 ligand) expression in vulvar cancer. They did not find a connection with other clinicopathological parameters, HPV status, and overall survival of vulvar carcinoma patients. They suggested that PD-L1 overexpression was measurable in a considerable share of vulvar carcinomas in all stages, independent of HPV, and could be a viable therapeutic target in these cancers.