Koh YW, et al. - In 295 resected non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), researchers investigated programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and its correlation with hypoxic-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX) expression. Further, they assessed if PD-L1 expression and survival were linked. Findings suggest that PD-L1 protein and mRNA expression were associated with HIF1A, VEGFA, GLUT1, and CAIX expression only in adenocarcinoma. They noted improved prognosis in correlation with low expression of GLUT1 and low expression of both PD-L1 and GLUT1. The rationale for co-targeting hypoxia-related genes and PD-L1 in cancer therapy was consequently supported in this study. Selection of patients appropriate for PD-L1 therapy could be made with the help of expression of hypoxia-related genes.