Merriel SWD, et al. - A total of 2,762 database search hits were screened on the basis of title and abstract and 222 full-text articles were evaluated, and 10 studies (n = 2,192 individuals) were involved to determine and characterize patient-centered outcomes (PCOs) correlating to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and MRI-guided biopsy as diagnostic tests for possible prostate cancer. With a median of four PCOs per study (range 1-11), 19 distinct PCOs were measured. The most prevalent outcomes measured were urethral bleeding, pain, and urinary tract infection. Most adverse outcomes occurred less often in MRI-related tests in the four studies that contrasted mpMRI or MRI-guided biopsy to transrectal ultrasound biopsy. These four studies were evaluated to have a low risk of bias. In conclusion, PCOs measured in studies of mpMRI or MRI-guided biopsy therefore far have mostly been physical outcomes, with some evidence that MRI tests are correlated with less common adverse outcomes in comparison with transrectal ultrasound biopsy. Moreover, for the impact of mpMRI and MRI-guided biopsy on emotional, cognitive, social, or behavioral outcomes, there was little evidence.