Clyman RI, Hills NK, Cambonie G, et al. - Because there is an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) when moderate-to-large patent ductus arteriosus shunts (hsPDA) persist beyond 14 days, researchers sought to explore the interaction between prolonged exposures to tracheal ventilation (≥10 days) and hsPDA on the incidence of BPD in infants < 28 weeks gestation. Forty-one of the 307 infants who survived > 14 days died before the age of 36 weeks. The link between BPD and hsPDA depended on the length of intubation. Moderate-to-large PDAs were linked to increased risks of BPD and BPD/death, but only when infants required intubation ≥ 10 days.