Verheugt FWA, Ambrosio G, Atar D, et al. - Individuals with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and ≥ 1 investigator-defined stroke risk factor (n = 39,679) were recruited in GARFIELD-AF between March 2010 and September 2015 in order to determine the long-term clinical outcome of patients with atrial fibrillation with a history of acute coronary syndrome. In GARFIELD-AF, former acute coronary syndromes were related to worse 2-year outcomes and a higher plausibility of under-treatment with oral anticoagulation, whereas two-thirds of individuals received antiplatelet therapy. Moreover, with former acute coronary syndromes, significant bleeding was more prevalent, even subsequent to adjusting for all risk factors.