Tirumala V, Smith E, Box H, et al. - In this study, researchers evaluated the outcomes of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) with modular component exchange in acute culture-positive and negative periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). They examined a total of 149 consecutive patients with primary total joint replacements (90 TKA and 59 THA) who underwent DAIR with modular component exchange for acute PJI with at least 3 years of follow-up: 1) 46 culture negative PJI patients, and 2) 103 culture-positive PJI patients. Despite lack of an identifying organism to guide postoperative antibiotic therapy, similar reinfection rates were observed in correlation with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention with modular component exchange for acute culture negative PJI compared with acute culture positive PJI, indicating culture negativity may not be a contraindication to debridement, antibiotics and implant retention in patients with acute PJI.