Rangnekar G, et al. - Whether rates of appropriate use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) differs between the Emergency Department (ED) and cardiac outpatient clinic (CO), was investigated in this retrospective study of a 12-month period. CHA₂DS₂-VASc score was used to assess the appropriateness of OAC. Significantly higher inappropriate OAC use was evident in the ED vs in the CO group. Treatment in the ED was noted to be a significant multivariate predictor of inappropriate OAC. Overall, there is a significant room for improving disparities in the use of guideline adherent therapy in the ED compared to CO. Urgent need for protocol-driven treatment in the ED or streamlined early follow-up in a specialised AF clinic was realized in order to address this treatment gap.